Ancillary

Acetone

Acetone stands as the preferred cleaning solution for removing uncured resin, topcoat, and Gelcoat from tools and ancillaries. Additionally, it is utilized for cleaning and degreasing substrates before or during fiberglass application.

RST-5 Concentrate (1:20) Liquid for Polyester Resins

RST-5 Concentrate is a specialized liquid solution designed for use with polyester resins in the composite industry. Typically, it is diluted with water at a ratio of 1 part concentrate to 20 parts water before application. This diluted solution serves various purposes such as cleaning, surface preparation, or enhancing certain properties of the polyester resin. It may aid in improving adhesion, reducing surface tension, or promoting better flow characteristics during application.

Silicone Rubber

Silicone Rubber is a versatile material used in various composite applications due to its exceptional properties such as flexibility, durability, and resistance to extreme temperatures and harsh environments. It is commonly utilized as a mold-making material for composite parts due to its ability to capture intricate details and produce high-quality molds with excellent dimensional stability. Additionally, silicone rubber can act as a release agent, facilitating easy demolding of composite parts from molds. Its compatibility with a wide range of composite resins makes it a preferred choice for composite manufacturing processes such as vacuum infusion, resin transfer molding (RTM), and silicone rubber tooling.

Composite Rubbing and Polishing

Composite rubbing and polishing compounds are specially formulated abrasive materials designed to smooth, refine, and enhance the surface finish of composite materials through a process of controlled abrasion and polishing. These compounds effectively remove imperfections, scratches, and surface irregularities, leaving behind a smooth and glossy finish, thereby improving the aesthetic appeal and durability of composite products.

Peroxide

Peroxide is commonly used as a catalyst or initiator in the curing process of composite materials, particularly those made with polyester or vinyl ester resins. The most common type of peroxide used in composite manufacturing is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP). When added to the resin mixture, peroxide initiates the chemical reaction that causes the resin to cure and harden, transforming it from a liquid to a solid state. The amount of peroxide used, as well as the temperature and curing time, can be adjusted to control the curing process and achieve the desired properties in the final composite product.
Several types of peroxides are used in composite manufacturing as catalysts or initiators for resin curing.

Some common types include:

  • Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP): MEKP is one of the most widely used peroxides in composite manufacturing. It is suitable for polyester and vinyl ester resins and is available in various concentrations.
  • Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO): BPO is commonly used as a catalyst for polyester resins, particularly in applications where a slower curing process is desired.
  • Di-tert-butyl Peroxide (DTBP): DTBP is used as a curing agent for polyester and vinyl ester resins, offering excellent stability and compatibility with these materials.
  • Cumene Hydroperoxide (CHP): CHP is another peroxide used in composite manufacturing, often preferred for its relatively low odor and low volatility compared to other peroxides.
  • Acetylacetone Peroxide (AAP): AAP is a specialty peroxide used in specific composite applications, offering unique curing characteristics and compatibility with certain resin systems.
These peroxides vary in their properties, such as reactivity, shelf life, and temperature sensitivity, allowing manufacturers to choose the most suitable type for their specific composite materials and processing requirements.

Pigments

Pigments are commonly used in composite materials to add color and aesthetic appeal to the final product. They come in various forms, including powders, pastes, and dispersions, and are typically added to the resin mixture before molding or casting.

There are several types of pigments commonly used in composite manufacturing:

  • Inorganic Pigments: These pigments are derived from minerals and metals and offer excellent color stability and resistance to UV radiation and weathering. Examples include iron oxides, titanium dioxide, and chromium oxide.
  • Organic Pigments: Organic pigments are synthetic compounds that offer a wide range of vibrant colors and excellent tinting strength. They are often used in applications where color intensity and shade control are important.
  • Carbon Black: Carbon black is a finely divided form of carbon that is commonly used as a pigment in composite materials to achieve black or dark gray colors. It also provides UV resistance and reinforcement properties.
  • Metallic Pigments: Metallic pigments, such as aluminum flakes or bronze powders, are used to create metallic or pearlescent effects in composite materials. They can add depth and dimension to the surface finish.
  • Special Effect Pigments: Special effect pigments, such as pearlescent or fluorescent pigments, are used to create unique visual effects in composite materials. They can create iridescent, shimmering, or fluorescent colors for decorative or branding purposes.
When selecting pigments for composite materials, factors such as color fastness, compatibility with the resin system, UV stability, and desired aesthetic effects should be considered. Additionally, pigments should be dispersed evenly in the resin mixture to ensure uniform color distribution in the final product.

Metal Oxide Cobalt (CoO)

Metal oxide cobalt (CoO) is added to composite materials to accelerate the curing process particularly those based on unsaturated polyester resins. It promotes the decomposition of peroxide initiators like MEKP, which speeds up polymerization. However, cobalt compounds should be handled with care due to their toxicity. Cobalt Oxide comes in various concentrations ranging from 1% – 11% for unsaturated polyester resins.

Fillers

Fillers are materials added to composite formulations to modify their properties or reduce costs. They come in various forms, such as powders, fibers, or particles, and can be made from different materials.

Here are some common types of fillers used in composite manufacturing:

  • Glass Microspheres: These hollow glass spheres are lightweight and can improve the stiffness and dimensional stability of composites while reducing weight.
  • Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3): Calcium carbonate fillers are widely used to reduce costs and improve dimensional stability and stiffness in composites.
  • Talc: Talc is a mineral filler that can enhance the stiffness, impact resistance, and dimensional stability of composites. It is commonly used in thermoset composites.
  • Silica: Silica fillers, such as fumed silica or colloidal silica, are used to improve thixotropy, viscosity control, and reinforcement in composites.
  • Carbon Black: Carbon black is used as a filler in composites to enhance electrical conductivity, UV resistance, and reinforcement properties.
  • Hollow Glass Microspheres: These lightweight, hollow glass spheres offer low-density and a high strength-to-weight ratio, making them suitable for lightweight applications.
  • Alumina Trihydrate (ATH): ATH is a flame-retardant filler commonly used in composite formulations to improve fire resistance.
The selection of fillers depends on the desired properties of the composite, such as mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, flame resistance, and cost considerations. Proper dispersion and mixing of fillers are essential to ensure uniform properties and performance in the final composite product.

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